What must metallic underground storage systems be provided with to ensure safety?

Metallic underground storage systems, such as those used for petroleum products or other hazardous materials, are prone to corrosion due to their underground environment. One of the critical measures for ensuring the safety and longevity of these systems is the implementation of cathodic protection.

Cathodic protection works by preventing corrosion through electrochemical means. It involves applying a small electrical current typically supplied by an external source or using sacrificial anodes to counteract the electrochemical reactions that cause corrosion. This method effectively protects the metallic structure of the storage tanks and pipes from corrosion due to soil moisture, electrolytes, and other corrosive agents typically found underground.

While electrical insulation, dielectric coatings, and corrosion inhibitors are also important in reducing the risks associated with corrosion, cathodic protection is specifically designed for the scenario described in the question. It provides a continuous and reliable way to mitigate corrosion, ensuring the structural integrity of the storage system and reducing the risk of leaks or hazardous spills, which can pose significant safety and environmental hazards.